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1.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38696302

ABSTRACT

São Caetano do Sul, a city in southeastern Brazil, boasts exemplary social indicators and healthcare services, with a population of 162,763 and a density of 9,736.03 inhabitants/km². Allocating 25% of its budget to healthcare, the city's mental healthcare services adhere to the National Mental Health Policy. Structured services include a CAPS-II, CAPS-AD, outpatient teams, and teams in various locations. Initiatives since 2000 include inaugurating a CAPS-AD in 2006, a psychiatric emergency service in 2010, and a CAPS-II in 2016, relocating CAPS-AD in 2019, and establishing the Cuca Legal Project in 2022. São Caetano do Sul has a Mental Health Risk Classification Protocol to aid clinical decision-making. Developing care lines for various groups, it offers programs like smoking prevention, school psychology, and obesity support. Collaborating with community centers, these facilities serve as teaching environments. The mental health care network focuses on five axes: Communication, Care, Prevention, Management, and Education, with specific proposed actions and competencies. Despite progress, challenges remain. Expanding access, reducing stigma, and implementing robust monitoring are crucial. São Caetano do Sul's experience offers valuable insights for similar urban settings in LMICs developing mental health programs.

2.
J Environ Manage ; 354: 120370, 2024 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38387353

ABSTRACT

Habitat complexity is widely considered an important determinant of biodiversity, and enhancing complexity can play a key role in restoring degraded habitats. However, the effects of habitat complexity on ecosystem functioning - as opposed to biodiversity and community structure - are relatively poorly understood for artificial habitats, which dominate many coastlines. With Greening of Grey Infrastructure (GGI) approaches, or eco-engineering, increasingly being applied around the globe, it is important to understand the effects that modifying habitat complexity has on both biodiversity and ecological functioning in these highly modified habitats. We assessed how manipulating physical (primary substrate) and/or biogenic habitat (bivalves) complexity on intertidal artificial substrata affected filtration rates, net and gross primary productivity (NPP and GPP, respectively) and community respiration (CR) - as well as abundance of filter feeders and macro-algae and habitat use by cryptobenthic fish across six locations in three continents. We manipulated both physical and biogenic complexity using 1) flat or ridged (2.5 cm or 5 cm) settlement tiles that were either 2) unseeded or seeded with oysters or mussels. Across all locations, increasing physical and biogenic complexity (5 cm seeded tiles) had a significant effect on most ecological functioning variables, increasing overall filtration rates and community respiration of the assemblages on tiles but decreasing productivity (both GPP and NPP) across all locations. There were no overall effects of increasing either type of habitat complexity on cryptobenthic fish MaxN, total time in frame or macro-algal cover. Within each location, there were marked differences in the effects of habitat complexity. In Hobart, we found higher filtration, filter feeder biomass and community respiration on 5 cm tiles compared to flat tiles. However, at this location, both macro-algae cover and GPP decreased with increasing physical complexity. Similarly in Dublin, filtration, filter feeder biomass and community respiration were higher on 5 cm tiles compared to less complex tiles. In Sydney, filtration and filter feeder biomass were higher on seeded than unseeded tiles, and fish MaxN was higher on 5 cm tiles compared to flat tiles. On unseeded tiles in Sydney, filter feeder biomass also increased with increasing physical complexity. Our findings suggest that GGI solutions via increased habitat complexity are likely to have trade-offs among potentially desired functions, such as productivity and filtration rates, and variable effects on cryptobenthic fish communities. Importantly, our results show that the effects of GGI practices can vary markedly according to the environmental context and therefore should not be blindly and uniformly applied across the globe.


Subject(s)
Ecosystem , Ostreidae , Animals , Biodiversity , Biomass , Fishes
3.
An Acad Bras Cienc ; 95(suppl 2): e20220998, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38126434

ABSTRACT

As it is observed that the selection of teaching approaches takes an important role in youth players' development, investigations regarding teaching handball at this age reveal a gap due to this theme. This study aimed to identify and analyze the coaches' preferred offensive skills through different defensive scenarios and how they are taught in youth handball teams. Twenty-two Brazilian coaches from teams U-12, U-14, U-16 and U-18 were interviewed (semi-structured interview). Data analysis was performed through the Collective Subject Discourse and presented according to the teams and defensive systems faced. The coaches' discourses showed an increasing expectation throughout the age groups, and the expectation the players can deal with different situations based on their analysis. In addition, it was also found that teaching approaches are based on a technocratic way with further attempts to transfer the learned skills to the game context for all age groups. Therefore, it is suggested that greater attention must be paid while choosing skills and teaching approaches at each stage of the sports training process, in a way to stimulate youth players to deal critically and autonomously with game situations.


Subject(s)
Sports , Adolescent , Humans , Brazil
4.
J Math Biol ; 87(6): 82, 2023 11 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37930406

ABSTRACT

The Lotka-Volterra competition model (LVCM) is a fundamental tool for ecology, widely used to represent complex communities. The Allee effect (AE) is a phenomenon in which there is a positive correlation between population density and fitness, at low population densities. However, the interplay between the LVCM and AE has been seldom analyzed in multispecies models. Here, we analyze the mathematical properties of the LVCM [Formula: see text] AE, investigating the coexistence of species interacting through neutral diffuse competition, their equilibria and stable points. Minimum viable population density arises as the threshold below which species go extinct, characteristic of strong Allee effects. Then, by imposing relationships of main parameters to body size, i.e. allometric scaling, we derive a general solution to the size-scaling maximum and minimum expected density under plausible scenarios. The scaling of maximum population density is consistent with the literature, but we also provide novel predictions on the scaling of the lower limit to population density, a critical value for conservation science. The resulting framework is general and yields results that increase our current understanding of how complex demographic processes can be linked to ubiquitous ecological patterns.


Subject(s)
Body Size , Population Density
5.
An Acad Bras Cienc ; 95(suppl 1): e20220574, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37729289

ABSTRACT

The Antillean manatee occurs discontinuously from the state of Amapá to the state of Alagoas on the coast of Brazil. There is also evidence of reintroduced manatees using the coasts of Sergipe and Bahia, with a preference for calm shallow waters. This study characterized the home range areas of six rehabilitated manatees released in northeastern Brazil. The activities were conducted in the states of Paraíba, Sergipe, and Bahia. Type of environment, substrate, depth, aquatic vegetation, physicochemical variables of the water, presence of solid waste, human settlements, and watercraft were considered to characterize the areas. The results showed a manatee preference for sheltered areas. Resources were available in larger quantities in the dry season, and a reduction in the availability of food items was fund over the years. High overlap was found in the multivariate space of the individuals in terms of the characteristics of the habitats. The estuary of the Paraíba River and the coastal area of Cabedelo Beach in Paraíba showed the greatest amount of solid waste, human settlements, and watercraft. Released manatees exhibited a preference for sites shallower than two meters, with food resources and fresh water availability.


Subject(s)
Trichechus manatus , Humans , Animals , Brazil , Homing Behavior , Solid Waste , Trichechus
6.
Revista Pensar a Prática ; 26(2023)27/02/2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1435911

ABSTRACT

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar e analisar as diretrizes de formação de treinadores de handebol em países que alcançaram resultados expressivos no contexto internacional nos últimos anos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, realizada entre dezembro de 2020 e janeiro de 2021. Os dados foram extraídos dos endereços eletrônicos oficiais das respectivas (con)federações nacionais, por um instrumento elaborado pelos autores e, posteriormente, foram analisados por meio da análise temática. Os achados denotam o envolvimento das (con)federações na formação dos treinadores, que, por sua vez, apresentou características padronizadas e hierarquizadas, proporcionando diferentes níveis de treinadores, relacionados aos diversos contextos de atuação da modalidade.


This study aimed at identifying and analyzing handball coaches' development guidelines in countries that got significant results in the international background in the last few years. It's a documental research performed between december 2020 and january 2021. The data was collected from the official websites of the respective national (con)federations using an instrument de-signed by the authors. It was analyzed through thematic analysis. The findings denote the engagement of the (con)federations in the coaches' development, which presented standardized and hierar-chical characteristics, providing different levels of coaches for each of the related fields of handball.


Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar y analizar las directrices de la formación de entrenadores de balonmano en naciones que lograron resultados expresivos en contexto internacional en los últimos años. Se trata de una investigación documental realizada entre diciembre de 2020 y enero de 2021. Los datos fueran obtenidos de las direcciones electrónicas oficiales de las (con)federaciones utilizando una herramienta confeccionada por los autores y después fue analizado mediante análisis temática. Los hallazgos denotan la participación de las (con)federaciones en la formación de entrenadores que, por su vez, presentó características estandarizadas y jerarquizadas proporcionando distintos grados de entrenador para cada ámbito de actuación en lo balonmano.

7.
Pensar Prát. (Online) ; 26Fev. 2023. Ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1434341

ABSTRACT

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar e analisar as diretrizes de formação de treinadores de handebol em países que alcançaram resultados expressivos no contexto internacional nos últimos anos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, realizada en-tre dezembro de 2020 e janeiro de 2021. Os dados foram extraídos dos endereços eletrônicos oficiais das respectivas (con)federações nacionais, por um instrumento elaborado pelos autores e, posteriormente, foram analisados por meio da análise temática. Os achados denotam o envolvimento das (con)federações na formação dos treinadores, que, por sua vez, apresentou características padronizadas e hierarquizadas, proporcionando diferentes níveis de treinadores, relacionados aos diversos contextos de atuação da modalidade (AU).


This study aimed at identifying and analyzing handball coaches' development guidelines in countries that got significant results in the international background in the last few years. It's a documental research performed between december 2020 and january 2021. The data was collected from the official websites of the respective national (con)federations using an instrument de-signed by the authors. It was analyzed through thematic analysis. The findings denote the engagement of the (con)federations in the coaches' development, which presented standardized and hierar-chical characteristics, providing different levels of coaches for each of the related fields of handball (AU)


Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar y anali-zar las directrices de la formación de entrenadores de balonmano en naciones que lograron resultados expresivos en contexto inter-nacional en los últimos años. Se trata de una investigación docu-mental realizada entre diciembre de 2020 y enero de 2021. Los da-tos fueran obtenidos de las direcciones electrónicas oficiales de las (con)federaciones utilizando una herramienta confeccionada por los autores y después fue analizado mediante análisis temática. Los hallazgos denotan la participación de las (con)federaciones en la for-mación de entrenadores que, por su vez, presentó características estandarizadas y jerarquizadas proporcionando distintos grados de entrenador para cada ámbito de actuación en lo balonmano (AU).


Subject(s)
Professional Training , Mentoring , Team Sports , Guidelines as Topic , Education, Continuing/methods
8.
Mar Environ Res ; 183: 105807, 2023 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36379169

ABSTRACT

Southwestern Atlantic reefs (Brazilian Province) occur along a broad latitudinal range (∼5°N-27°S) and under varied environmental conditions. We combined large-scale benthic cover and environmental data into uni- and multivariate regression tree analyses to identify unique shallow (<30 m) benthic reef communities and their environmental drivers along the Brazilian Province. Turbidity was the leading environmental driver of benthic reef communities, with the occurrence of two main groups: clear-water (dominated by fleshy macroalgae) and turbid (dominated by turf algae). Seven out of 14 scleractinian coral species were more abundant in the turbid group, thus corroborating the photophobic nature of some Brazilian corals. The most abundant scleractinian in Brazil (Montastraea cavernosa), largely dominated (71-93% of total coral cover) both, the shallow turbid and deeper clear-water reefs. Because these habitat types are widely recognized as potential climate refuges, local threats (e.g. pollution, overfishing) should be averted.


Subject(s)
Anthozoa , Coral Reefs , Animals , Conservation of Natural Resources , Fisheries , Ecosystem , Water
9.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2023.
Thesis in Portuguese | Coleciona SUS | ID: biblio-1532039

ABSTRACT

O dermatofibrossarcoma protuberans (DFSP) é um tumor raro, de crescimento lento e de origem nos fibroblastos dermais, e acomete principalmente derme e subcutâneo. É uma neoplasia rara que independe de fatores de risco específicos, apresenta alta taxa de recorrência local e baixa probabilidade de metástase à distância. A lesão é tipicamente uma placa ou nódulo endurecido de contornos mal definidos com tamanho e coloração variável. O tratamento consiste em abordagem cirúrgica (excisão cirúrgica convencional com margens amplas ou cirurgia micrográfica de Mohs); radioterapia e imatinib podem ser opções em casos recidivantes ou inoperáveis. O caso relatado se trata de um DFSP mixóide, com múltiplas recidivas, em topografia inguinal direita, exigindo a realização de 9 excisões cirúrgicas em anos distintos. A última operação, realizada em 2021, consistiu em ressecção extensa, a fim de evitar novas recorrências, e foi acompanhada de linfadenectomia ilíaca externa e reconstrução com retalho cutâneo abdominal. Atualmente, paciente segue acompanhado ambulatorialmente sem sequelas ou sinais de recidiva. A discussão do caso se mostra importante devido à apresentação em localização atípica de uma doença já rara, e às muitas recidivas, que reforçam a necessidade de uma ressecção com margem cirúrgica ampla, reduzindo a possibilidade de tumor microscópico residual e melhorando o prognóstico do paciente


Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare, slow-growing tumor that originates in dermal fibroblasts, and affects mainly the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. It is a rare neoplasm that is independent of specific risk factors, has a high rate of local recurrence and low probability of distant metastasis. The lesion is typically a hardened plaque or nodule of ill-defined contours of variable size and color. Treatment consists of a surgical approach (conventional surgical excision with wide margins or Mohs micrographic surgery); radiotherapy and imatinib may be options in relapsed or inoperable cases. The case reported is a myxoid DFSP, with multiple recurrences, in the right inguinal topography, requiring 9 surgical excisions in different years. The last operation, performed in 2021, consisted of extensive resection in order to prevent further recurrences, and was accompanied by external iliac lymphadenectomy and reconstruction with an abdominal skin flap. Currently, the patient is followed up as an outpatient without sequelae or signs of recurrence. The discussion of the case is important due to the presentation in an atypical location of an already rare disease, and the many recurrences, which reinforce the need for a resection with a wide surgical margin, reducing the possibility of residual microscopic tumor and improving the patient's prognosis


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Skin Neoplasms , Mohs Surgery , Dermatofibrosarcoma , Lymph Node Excision
10.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1523894

ABSTRACT

O uso do jogador de quadra adicional (JQA) no handebol sofreu implicações após mudanças regulamentares (2016). Os estudos envolvem a eficácia do JQA em competições, mas poucos esforços têm sido envidados para investigar motivos e expectativas dos treinadores para a sua utilização. Este estudo analisou as razões pelas quais os treinadores optam por utilizarem o JQA e as consequências em situações distintas do jogo. Sete treinadores de equipes adultas que qualificaram suas equipes entre as quatro melhores (Liga Nacional) foram entrevistados (entrevista semiestruturada). A análise temática reflexiva foi utilizada para a identificação dos temas e discussão. Os resultados revelaram dois subtemas: a utilização do JQA para produzir superioridade numérica ofensiva e as características e riscos do JQA para mitigar a inferioridade numérica. Comportamentos pertinentes ao jogo sem goleiro em superioridade numérica ou para aproximar a relação numérica foram percebidos e permitem refletir sobre avaliação e adaptação de modelos de jogo.


The use of the additional court player (ACP) in handball underwent implications after regulatory changes in 2016. Studies have examined the effectiveness of ACP in competitions, but few efforts have been made to investigate coaches' reasons and expectations for its use. This study analyzed why coaches choose to use the ACP and the consequences in different game situations. Seven coaches of adult teams that qualified their teams among the top four (National League) were interviewed (semi-structured interview). Reflexive thematic analysis was used for theme identification and discussion. The results revealed two subthemes: the use of ACP to reach offensive numerical superiority and the characteristics and risks of ACP to mitigate numerical inferiority. Behaviors relevant to the game without a goalkeeper in numerical superiority or to close the numerical gap were perceived, allowing reflection on game model assessment and adaptation.


El uso del jugador de campo adicional (JCA) en el balonmano sufrió implicaciones después de cambios regulatorios (2016). Los estudios han examinado la eficacia del JCA en competiciones, pero pocos esfuerzos se han hecho para investigar las razones y expectativas de los entrenadores para su uso. Este estudio analizó por qué los entrenadores utilizan al JCA y las consecuencias en diferentes situaciones de juego. Se entrevistó (semiestructurada) a siete entrenadores de equipos adultos que clasificaron a sus equipos entre los cuatro mejores (Liga Nacional). Se utilizó el análisis temático reflexivo para la identificación y discusión de temas. Los resultados revelaron dos subtemas: el uso del JCA para crear superioridad numérica ofensiva y las características y riesgos del JCA para mitigar la inferioridad numérica. Se percibieron comportamientos relevantes para el JCA en superioridad numérica o para cerrar la asimetría numérica, lo que permite la reflexión sobre la evaluación y adaptación del modelo de juego.

11.
Phys Chem Chem Phys ; 25(1): 633-645, 2022 Dec 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36484393

ABSTRACT

This work presents a study involving dimers composed of He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn, and Og noble gases with oganesson, a super-heavy closed-shell element (Z = 118). He-Og, Ne-Og, Ar-Og, Kr-Og, Xe-Og, Rn-Og, and Og-Og ground state electronic potential energy curves were calculated based on the 4-component (4c) Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian and were counterpoise corrected. For the 4c calculations, the electron correlation was taken into account using the same methodology (MP2-srLDA) and basis set quality (Dyall's acv3z and Dunning's aug-cc-PVTZ). All calculations included quantum electrodynamics effects at the Gaunt interaction level. For all the aforementioned dimers the vibration energies, spectroscopic constants (ωe, ωexe, ωeye, αe, and γe), and lifetime as a function of the temperature (which ranged from 200 to 500 K) were also calculated. The obtained results suggest that the inclusion of quantum electrodynamics effects reduces the value of the dissociation energy of all hetero-nuclear molecules with a percentage contribution ranging from 0.48% (for the He-Og dimer) to 9.63% (for the Rn-Og dimer). The lifetime calculations indicate that the Og-He dimer is close to the edge of instability and that Ng-Og dimers are relatively less stable when the Gaunt correction is considered. Exploiting scaling laws that adopt the polarizability of involved partners as scaling factors, it has also been demonstrated that in such systems the interaction is of van der Waals nature (size repulsion plus dispersion attraction) and this permitted an estimation of dissociation energy and equilibrium distance in the Og-Og dimer. This further information has been exploited to evaluate the rovibrational levels in this symmetric dimer and to cast light on the macroscopic properties of condensed phases concerning the complete noble gas family, emphasizing some anomalies of Og.

12.
PeerJ ; 10: e14313, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36389402

ABSTRACT

Biodiversity assessment is a mandatory task for sustainable and adaptive management for the next decade, and long-term ecological monitoring programs are a cornerstone for understanding changes in ecosystems. The Brazilian Long-Term Ecological Research Program (PELD) is an integrated effort model supported by public funds that finance ecological studies at 34 locations. By interviewing and compiling data from project coordinators, we assessed monitoring efforts, targeting biological groups and scientific production from nine PELD projects encompassing coastal lagoons to mesophotic reefs and oceanic islands. Reef environments and fish groups were the most often studied within the long-term projects. PELD projects covered priority areas for conservation but missed sensitive areas close to large cities, as well as underrepresenting ecosystems on the North and Northeast Brazilian coast. Long-term monitoring projects in marine and coastal environments in Brazil are recent (<5 years), not yet integrated as a network, but scientifically productive with considerable relevance for academic and human resources training. Scientific production increased exponentially with project age, despite interruption and shortage of funding during their history. From our diagnosis, we recommend some actions to fill in observed gaps, such as: enhancing projects' collaboration and integration; focusing on priority regions for new projects; broadening the scope of monitored variables; and, maintenance of funding for existing projects.


Subject(s)
Biodiversity , Ecosystem , Animals , Humans , Brazil , Oceans and Seas , Fishes
13.
Cuad. psicol. deporte ; 22(3): 197-211, sep.-dic. 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | IBECS | ID: ibc-209154

ABSTRACT

Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar y discutir los contextos de aprendizaje para la formación de entrenadores de baloncesto que actúan en el ámbito universitario del Estado de São Paulo -Brasil. Quince entrenadores que compitieron en los Juegos Universitarios Estaduales (promovidos por la Federación Deportiva Universitaria Paulista) fueron entrevistados (entrevistas semiestructuradas). La tabulación, organización y análisis de los discursos se realizó con base en el método del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo (DSC). Los resultados mostraron la importancia del contexto formal para la formación amplia del entrenador, así como una cierta distancia del entorno de la práctica profesional. Los entrenadores también utilizan contextos no formales (como cursos) e informales (como experiencias como atleta y/o entrenador, lectura de artículos y acceso a videos) para desarrollar conocimientos específicos del baloncesto en respuesta a los dilemas de su entorno de trabajo. Los resultados mostraron la escasez de acciones por parte de las entidades universitarias de gestión deportiva para la formación de entrenadores, así como las principales fuentes de conocimiento a las que acceden. Tales hallazgos permiten identificar aspectos importantes para el desarrollo de programas para entrenadores de baloncesto de diferentes áreas. (AU)


This aim of this study was to identify and to discuss the learning contexts of basketball coaches who work with college teams of the State of São Paulo -Brazil. Fifteen coaches (from female teams) who competed in the College Games of the State of Sao Paulo (promoted by the College Federation of Sports) were interviewed (semi-structured interviews). The tabulation, organization and analysis of the discourses were carried out based on the Collective Subject Discourse (CSD) method. The results showed the importance of the formal context for the professional development of the coach, as well as a distance from the environment of professional practice. Coaches also use non-formal context (such as courses) and informal context (such as experiences as an athlete and/or coach, reading articles and watching videos) to build specific knowledge of basketball, in response to dilemmas of your professional environment. The results showed a lack of actions by college sports management entities for the professional development of coaches, as well as the main sources of knowledge accessed by them. Such findings allow us to identify main aspects for the development of programs for basketball coaches from different environments


Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar e discutir os contextos de aprendizagem para a formação de treinadores de basquetebol que atuam no âmbito universitário do Estado de São Paulo - Brasil. Quinze treinadores de equipes femininas que disputaram os Jogos Universitários do Estado (promovido pela Federação Universitária Paulista de Esportes) foram entrevistados (entrevistas semiestruturadas). A tabulação, a organização e a análise dos discursos foram realizadas com base no método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). Os resultados mostraram a importância do contexto formal para a ampla formação do treinador, bem como certo distanciamento do ambiente da prática profissional. Os treinadores também recorrem ao contexto não-formal (como os cursos) e informal (como as experiências como atleta e/ou treinador, a leitura de artigos e o acesso a vídeos) para construir os conhecimentos específicos para o basquetebol, em resposta aos dilemas do seu ambiente de trabalho. Os resultados mostraram a escassez de ações das entidades gestoras do esporte universitário para a formação dos treinadores, bem como as principais fontes de conhecimento acessadas por esses. Tais achados permitem identificar aspectos importantes para o desenvolvimento de programas para treinadores de basquetebol de diferentes âmbitos. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Basketball , Sports/education , Exercise , Athletes , Cross-Sectional Studies , Brazil
14.
Pensar mov ; 20(1)jun. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1448769

ABSTRACT

Petroni de Senzi Barreira, C., da Silva Musa, V., Pereira Morato, M. y Pombo Menezes, R. (2022). Eficacia de los sistemas defensivos en superioridad e igualdad numérica en balonmano: panorama de una competición europea. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(1), 1-13. Las acciones realizadas durante la fase defensiva en balonmano pueden ser determinantes para los resultados de los partidos, y los análisis en esta fase permiten identificar aspectos clave que pueden ayudar en la planificación y entrenamiento de los equipos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la influencia de las relaciones numéricas en sistemas defensivos cerrados y abiertos en partidos de balonmano de alto nivel. Se analizaron doce partidos del Campeonato de Europa de clubes de Balonmano, cuyo instrumento de análisis permitió identificar la relación numérica del juego (superioridad defensiva o igualdad) y cuantificar los resultados (GO: gol; NG: sin gol; PP: perdida del balón) y regiones de la cancha en las que terminaron las acciones ofensivas. Se utilizó el chi-cuadrado para el análisis de datos. Los resultados mostraron similitudes para la realización del ataque a través de situaciones de igualdad con el uso de sistemas cerrados (GO = 47.3%; NG = 33.6%; PP = 19.1%) y sistemas abiertos (GO = 46.0%; NG = 34.3%; PP = 19.7%). Para esta situación, se demostró que el uso de sistemas cerrados provoca la pérdida del balón más lejos de la portería (9m- = 56.9%; 9m + = 43.1%), cuando se compara con el uso de sistemas abiertos (9m- = 64.5%; 9m + = 35.5%). En superioridad numérica defensiva, el uso de sistemas abiertos (GO = 28.6%; NG = 53.6%; PP = 17.9%), en comparación con sistemas cerrados (GO = 49.3%; NG = 29.6%; PP = 21.1 %), mostró mayor efectividad en los resultados de las acciones. Además, las secuencias terminaron más lejos del objetivo cuando se utilizaron sistemas abiertos (9m- = 42.9%; 9m+ = 57.1%), en comparación con sistemas cerrados (9m- = 68.3%; 9m+ = 31.7%). Se concluyó que la elección del sistema defensivo debe basarse en el modelo de juego del equipo y en las relaciones recurrentes del juego, especialmente en situaciones de igualdad numérica (más frecuentes). Sin embargo, cuando se tiene una ventaja numérica defensiva, limitar el espacio y el tiempo para que los atacantes tomen decisiones parece ser una estrategia eficaz.


Petroni de Senzi Barreira, C., da Silva Musa, V., Pereira Morato, M. y Pombo Menezes, R. (2022). Eficácia dos sistemas defensivos em superioridade e igualdade numérica no handebol: panorama de uma competição europeia. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(1), 1-13. As ações e escolhas realizadas durante a fase defensiva no handebol podem ser determinantes para os resultados das partidas. Análises abordando essa fase do jogo vêm sendo realizadas para identificar aspectos determinantes e que possam auxiliar no planejamento e treinamentos das equipes. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influência das relações numéricas nos sistemas defensivos fechados e abertos no handebol de alto nível. Para isso foram analisados 12 jogos do campeonato europeu de handebol de clubes, cujo instrumento de análise permitiu identificar a relação numérica do jogo (superioridade ou igualdade numérica defensiva) e quantificar os resultados (GO: gol; NG: não-gol; PP: perda de posse da bola) e os locais em que se encerraram as ações ofensivas. Foi utilizado o teste qui-quadrado para análise dos dados. Os resultados apontaram semelhanças para a conclusão do ataque mediante situações de igualdade com a utilização dos sistemas fechados (GO = 47.3%; NG = 33.6%; PP = 19.1%) e dos sistemas abertos (GO = 46.0%; NG = 34.3%; PP = 19.7%). Para essa situação, demonstrou-se que a utilização dos sistemas fechados provoca o encerramento da posse mais distante do gol (9m- = 56.9%; 9m+ = 43.1%), quando comparado à utilização dos sistemas abertos (9m- = 64.5%; 9m+ = 35.5%). Em situações de superioridade numérica defensiva a utilização dos sistemas abertos (GO = 28.6%; NG = 53.6%; PP = 17.9%), quando comparados aos sistemas fechados (GO = 49.3%; NG = 29.6%; PP = 21.1%), apresentou maior eficácia nos resultados das ações. Além disso, as sequências se encerraram mais distantes do gol quando foram utilizados sistemas abertos (9m- = 42.9%; 9m+ = 57.1%) em comparação aos sistemas fechados (9m- = 68.3%; 9m+ = 31.7%). Conclui-se que a escolha do sistema defensivo deve ser pautada no modelo de jogo da equipe e nas relações recorrentes do jogo, nos momentos de igualdade numérica (mais frequentes). Porém, em momentos de vantagem numérica defensiva limitar o espaço e o tempo para que os atacantes tomem decisões mostra-se como uma estratégia eficaz.


Petroni de Senzi Barreira, C., da Silva Musa, V., Pereira Morato, M. y Pombo Menezes, R. (2022). Efficiency of handball defensive systems in numerical equality and superiority: panorama of a european competition. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(1), 1-13. Actions taken during the defensive phase in handball can determine match results; therefore, analyzing this phase helps identify key aspects that can assist in team training and planning. The aim of this paper was to analyze the influence of numerical relations on closed and open defense systems in top level handball matches. Twelve matches of the European handball club championship were analyzed, which allowed us to identify the numerical relationship of the game (defensive superiority or equality) and quantify results (GO: goal; NG: non-goal; PP: loss of ball possession) and the sections of the court where offensive actions ended up. A chi-squared test was used for data analysis. Results showed similarities in terms of the attack's conclusion in numerical equality situations, when defense used closed systems (GO = 47.3%; NG = 33.6%; PP = 19.1%) and open systems (GO = 46.0%; NG = 34.3%; PP = 19.7%). For this situation, using closed systems results in losing ball possession further from the goal (9m- = 56.9%; 9m+ = 43.1%), when compared to open systems (9m- = 64.5%; 9m+ = 35.5%). In defensive numerical superiority, using open systems (GO = 28.6%; NG = 53.6%; PP = 17.9%), compared to closed systems (GO = 49.3%; NG = 29.6%; PP = 21.1%) gives more efficient results. In addition, sequences end further from the goal when open systems were used (9m- = 42.9%; 9m+ = 57.1%), compared to closed systems (9m- = 68.3%; 9m+ = 31.7%). It was concluded that the selection of the defensive system should be based on the team's game model and game relationships, especially in situations of numerical equality (more frequent). However, when in defensive numerical advantage, limiting the space and time for attackers to make decisions seems to be an effective strategy.

15.
Pensar mov ; 20(1)jun. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1448772

ABSTRACT

Meli Neto, B., Fuini Puggina, E., Pombo Menezes, R., Cláudio Machado, J., Vanella, R., y Aquino, R. (2022). Análisis de redes sociales en el deporte desde el punto de vista del enfoque ecológico. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(1), 1-21. El análisis del rendimiento está relacionado con la pedagogía del deporte. Las bases teóricas que sustentan las selecciones metodológicas deben estar bien establecidas para que haya una convergencia entre los instrumentos de evaluación y el proceso de enseñanza y entrenamiento. Este ensayo pretende presentar y discutir la importancia y representatividad del análisis de redes sociales para evaluar el rendimiento en los deportes de equipo. El objetivo principal del análisis de redes sociales es estudiar la relación entre los jugadores para identificar las posibles causas y consecuencias de los eventos durante el partido. Así, el análisis de redes sociales es diferente de los análisis tradicionales, en los que el foco principal está en el sujeto, o de los análisis notacionales, que son más utilizados y acumulan la frecuencia de los eventos ocurridos (por ejemplo, los goles marcados, la posesión del balón, las zonas de remate). Esta herramienta de evaluación, posicionada teóricamente en un enfoque ecológico, se muestra eficaz para la identificación de los patrones de interacción en un grupo y la comprensión de los artificios sociales que ayudan a entender el rendimiento de un equipo. Así, los equipos pasan a ser analizados como grupos sociales y no como sujetos aislados. En este ensayo también se exponen las principales aplicaciones prácticas de esta herramienta de evaluación en diferentes deportes de equipo como el fútbol, el fútbol sala, el balonmano, el baloncesto y el voleibol.


Meli Neto, B., Fuini Puggina, E., Pombo Menezes, R., Cláudio Machado, J., Vanella, R., e Aquino, R. (2022). Análise de redes sociais no esporte pela ótica da abordagem ecológica: um ensaio teórico. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(1), 1-21. A análise de desempenho é uma disciplina intimamente relacionada à pedagogia do esporte. As bases teóricas que sustentam as escolhas metodológicas devem ser bem estabelecidas para existir uma convergência entre os instrumentos de avaliação e o processo de ensino e treinamento. Este ensaio teórico teve por objetivo apresentar e discutir a importância e representatividade da análise de redes sociais para avaliar o desempenho em esportes coletivos. O principal objetivo da análise de redes sociais é estudar a relação entre os jogadores para identificar possíveis causas e consequências dos eventos ocorridos durante a partida. Sendo assim, a análise de redes sociais trabalha de forma diferente das análises tradicionais, nas quais o principal foco está no sujeito, ou em análises notacionais que são as mais comumente utilizadas e que buscam a acumulação da frequência dos eventos ocorridos (e.g. gols marcados, posse de bola, áreas de finalização das jogadas). Tal instrumento de avaliação, teoricamente posicionado numa abordagem ecológica, mostra-se eficaz para a identificação de padrões de interação num grupo e o entendimento dos artifícios sociais que ajudam a compreender o desempenho em uma equipe. Assim, as equipes passam a ser analisadas como grupos sociais e não como sujeitos isolados. Neste ensaio, também se apresentam as principais aplicações práticas desse instrumento de avaliação em diferentes esportes coletivos, tais como o futebol, o futsal, o handebol, o basquetebol e o voleibol.


Meli Neto, B., Fuini Puggina, E., Pombo Menezes, R., Cláudio Machado, J., Vanella, R., & Aquino, R. (2022). Social networks analysis in sports through an ecological approach—a theoretical framework. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(1), 1-21. Performance analysis is a discipline that is closely related to the pedagogy of sports. The theoretical foundations that undergird methodological choices must be well established in order for a convergence to exist between evaluation instruments and the process of teaching and training. The objective of the present theoretical study was to present and discuss the importance and representativeness of social networks analysis in order to evaluate the performance in group sports. The main purpose of social networks analysis is to study the relationships among players, in order to identify possible causes and consequences of the events that took place during a match. Thus, the analysis of social networks works differently from traditional analyses, whose major focus is on the subject, or in notational analyses that are most commonly used and that look for the accumulation of frequency of the events that have occurred (e.g., goals scored, ball possession, finishing zones). Such an instrument of evaluation, theoretically positioned on an ecological approach, proves effective for the identification of interaction patterns in a group and for understanding the social artifices that help to understand performance in a team. Thus, teams come to be analyzed as social groups instead of isolated individuals. This study also presents the main practical applications of this evaluation instrument in different group sports such as soccer football, indoor soccer, handball, basketball and volleyball.

16.
Anim Sci J ; 93(1): e13701, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35257442

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the effects of different moist orange pulp (MOP) inclusions in corn grain rehydration for silage production as a strategy to store and use MOP and whether these inclusions result in adequate fermentation and aerobic stability (AE) and acceptable losses. Ground corn grain and MOP were weighed separately and mixed to obtain MOP inclusions of 21%, 34%, or 42%. The control treatment was obtained with corn rehydrated with distilled water and MOP inclusion of 0%, with five laboratory silos (15-L buckets) per treatment. Acid detergent fiber, acid detergent insoluble protein, acid detergent lignin, lactic acid, acetic acid, and ethanol contents increased linearly with increasing MOP inclusion, whereas starch, in vitro dry matter (DM) digestibility and butyric acid contents and pH decreased linearly. NH3 -N/TN content reduced quadratically and was minimal with 8.34 g/kg DM at 14% MOP inclusion. Total DM losses increased quadratically with maximal losses of 4.26% DM at 25% MOP inclusion. AE reduced by 2.8 h for each 1% increase in MOP inclusion. Rehydration of corn grain with MOP results in an adequate fermentation process. The inclusion of 34% MOP was the best because DM losses were lower and AE was not drastically reduced.


Subject(s)
Citrus sinensis , Silage , Animals , Fermentation , Fluid Therapy/veterinary , Silage/analysis , Zea mays/chemistry
17.
Motriz (Online) ; 28: e10220009322, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1406018

ABSTRACT

Abstract Aim: This study aimed to describe how specific training for goalkeepers of youth handball teams is planned and executed in Brazil. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive and quantitative study was based on information from 134 coaches responsible for specific training of handball goalkeepers for youth (under 12 - U12; U14; U16; and U18) teams. The selection of participants was non-randomly for convenience, using the virtual snowball method. The information was obtained through an online self-completion questionnaire carried out by the Google Forms platform. The questionnaire data were tabulated and assessed using the SPSS statistical program, and the information was presented using descriptive statistics. Results: The results show that specific training of goalkeepers occurs in 71.1% of youth handball teams. About the structure of the specific training session, most of it is performed 1 or 2 times a week (70.9%), lasting from 25 to 60 min (73.9%) and given by the team's leading coaches (77.6%). More than half of the participants stated that the training session occurs with the goalkeepers and the person in charge (55.2%). Most participants (69.4%) stated that the teams analyze and assess the goalkeepers' performance, and the training planning takes place weekly (39.6%). Conclusion: This data provides essential information that partially fills gaps in the literature and allows researchers and coaches to reflect on their practices, considering the importance of planning specific training for goalkeepers.

18.
Conexões (Campinas, Online) ; 20: e022002, 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1390897

ABSTRACT

Este ensaio teve como objetivo identificar, comparar e discutir os princípios pedagógicos tradicionais e modelos contemporâneos de ensino dos jogos coletivos esportivizados (JCE). Os JCE podem ser representados como sistemas complexos e dinâmicos, nos quais as equipes são entendidas como um microssistema social. Tradicionalmente, o ensino dos JCE foi sustentado por uma visão de mundo racionalista, com propostas centradas no professor/treinador e pautadas em abordagens e princípios pedagógicos tecnicistas e comportamentalistas. Nessa perspectiva, a reprodução (receita) sobrepõe-se à criatividade (adaptação funcional). Com a mudança de paradigma de ensino dos JCE, surgiram abordagens e modelos centrados nos jogadores/alunos e pautadas no jogo. Neste ensaio, foram discutidas as fundamentações teóricas e as implicações práticas de quatro propostas: i) Ensino de Jogos para Compreensão (Teaching Games for Understanding - TGfU); ii) Modelo de Educação Esportiva (Sport Education - SE); iii) Pedagogia Não-Linear (PNL) e; iv) Pedagogia do Jogo (entendida enquanto abordagem e modelo). Por meio dos princípios pedagógicos do TGfU (seleção do tipo de jogo, modificação-representação, modificação-exagero, ajuste da complexidade tática), da PNL (representação, manipulação de restrições, acoplamento informação-movimento, aprendizagem exploratória, redução do controle consciente do movimento), do SE e/ou da Pedagogia do jogo (pedagogia da rua, ambiente de aprendizagem e ambiente de jogo, incluindo características de desafio, desequilíbrio, imprevisibilidade, representação), é possível que os jogadores/alunos aprendam jogando, podendo inclusive interferir e criar sua aula/treino. O professor/treinador, portanto, é um mediador ativo e passivo que gerencia e medeia as situações-problema e as trocas de conhecimento.


This study aimed to identify, compare, and discuss the traditional pedagogical principles and contemporary teaching models of team sports. The team sports can be represented as complex and dynamic systems, in which teams are understood as a social microsystem. Traditionally, the teaching was supported by a rationalist worldview, with teacher/coach-centered proposals and guided by technicist and behavioral pedagogical approaches. In this perspective, reproduction (recipe) overlaps creativity (functional adaptation). With the change in the teaching paradigm, emerged game-based approaches and player/student-centered. Here, the theoretical foundations and practical implications of four models were discussed: i) Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU); ii) Sport Education Model (SE); iii) Non-Linear Pedagogy (NLP) and; iv) Game Pedagogy (understood as an approach and a model). Through the pedagogical principles of TGfU (game type selection, modification-representation, modification-exaggeration, adjustment of tactical complexity), NLP (representation, manipulation of restrictions, coupling information-movement, exploratory learning, reduction of conscious control of movement), SE and/or Game Pedagogy (street pedagogy, learning environment and game environment, including characteristics of challenge, imbalance, unpredictability, representation), it is possible that players/students learn by playing, and may even interfere and create your class/ training. The teacher/coach, therefore, is an active and passive mediator who manages and mediates problem situations and knowledge exchanges.


Este ensayo tuvo como objetivo identificar, comparar y discutir los principios pedagógicos tradicionales y los modelos de enseñanza contemporáneos para los deportes de equipo. Los deportes de equipo se pueden representar como sistemas complejos y dinámicos, en los que los equipos constituyen un microsistema social. Tradicionalmente, la enseñanza de los deportes de equipo se ha apoyado en una visión racionalista, con propuestas centradas en el docente/entrenador y guiadas por enfoques y principios tecnicistas y pedagógicos conductuales. En esta perspectiva, la reproducción se superpone a la creatividad (adaptación funcional). Con el cambio en el paradigma de enseñanza de los deportes de equipo, surgieron enfoques y modelos centrados en los jugadores / estudiantes y guiados por el juego. En este ensayo se discutieron los fundamentos teóricos y las implicaciones prácticas de cuatro propuestas: i) Enseñanza de los juegos para la comprensión (Teaching Games for Understanding - TGfU); ii) Modelo de Educación Deportiva (Sport Education - SE); iii) Pedagogía no lineal (PNL) y; iv) Pedagogía del juego (entendido como enfoque y modelo). A través de los principios pedagógicos de TGfU (selección del tipo de juego, modificación-representación, modificación-exageración, ajuste de la complejidad táctica), PNL (representación, manipulación de restricciones, acoplamiento información-movimiento, aprendizaje exploratorio, reducción del control consciente del movimiento), SE y Pedagogía del juego (entorno de aprendizaje, entorno de juego, incluidas las características de desafío, desequilibrio, imprevisibilidad, representación), es posible que los jugadores aprendan jugando, e incluso pueden interferir y crear su clase / entrenamiento. El profesor / formador, por tanto, es un mediador activo y pasivo que gestiona y media en situaciones problemáticas e intercambios de conocimientos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Teaching , Education , Team Sports , Sports , Knowledge , Essay , Creativity , Research Subjects , Environment , Learning
19.
Pensar mov ; 19(2)dic. 2021.
Article in Portuguese | SaludCR, LILACS | ID: biblio-1386764

ABSTRACT

Resumo Petroni de Senzi Barreira, C., da Silva Musa, V. e Pereira Morato, M. (2021). Eficácia dos sistemas defensivos em superioridade e igualdade numérica no handebol: panorama de uma competição europeia. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 19(2), 1-13. As ações e escolhas realizadas durante a fase defensiva no handebol podem ser determinantes para os resultados das partidas. Análises abordando essa fase do jogo vêm sendo realizadas para identificar aspectos determinantes e que possam auxiliar no planejamento e treinamentos das equipes. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influência das relações numéricas nos sistemas defensivos fechados e abertos no handebol de alto nível. Para isso foram analisados 12 jogos do campeonato europeu de handebol de clubes, cujo instrumento de análise permitiu identificar a relação numérica do jogo (superioridade ou igualdade numérica defensiva) e quantificar os resultados (GO: gol; NG: não-gol; PP: perda de posse da bola) e os locais em que se encerraram as ações ofensivas. Foi utilizado o teste qui-quadrado para análise dos dados. Os resultados apontaram semelhanças para a conclusão do ataque mediante situações de igualdade com a utilização dos sistemas fechados (GO = 47.3%; NG = 33.6%; PP = 19.1%) e dos sistemas abertos (GO = 46.0%; NG = 34.3%; PP = 19.7%). Para essa situação, demonstrou-se que a utilização dos sistemas fechados provoca o encerramento da posse mais distante do gol (9m- = 56.9%; 9m+ = 43.1%), quando comparado à utilização dos sistemas abertos (9m- = 64.5%; 9m+ = 35.5%). Em situações de superioridade numérica defensiva a utilização dos sistemas abertos (GO = 28.6%; NG = 53.6%; PP = 17.9%), quando comparados aos sistemas fechados (GO = 49.3%; NG = 29.6%; PP = 21.1%), apresentou maior eficácia nos resultados das ações. Além disso, as sequências se encerraram mais distantes do gol quando foram utilizados sistemas abertos (9m- = 42.9%; 9m+ = 57.1%) em comparação aos sistemas fechados (9m- = 68.3%; 9m+ = 31.7%). Conclui-se que a escolha do sistema defensivo deve ser pautada no modelo de jogo da equipe e nas relações recorrentes do jogo, nos momentos de igualdade numérica (mais frequentes). Porém, em momentos de vantagem numérica defensiva limitar o espaço e o tempo para que os atacantes tomem decisões mostra-se como uma estratégia eficaz.


Abstract Petroni de Senzi Barreira, C., da Silva Musa, V. & Pereira Morato, M. (2021). Efficiency of handball defensive systems in numerical equality and superiority: panorama of a european competition. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 19(2), 1-13. Actions taken during the defensive phase in handball can determine match results; therefore, analyzing this phase helps identify key aspects that can assist in team training and planning. The aim of this paper was to analyze the influence of numerical relations on closed and open defense systems in top level handball matches. Twelve matches of the European handball club championship were analyzed, which allowed us to identify the numerical relationship of the game (defensive superiority or equality) and quantify results (GO: goal; NG: non-goal; PP: loss of ball possession) and the sections of the court where offensive actions ended up. A chi-squared test was used for data analysis. Results showed similarities in terms of the attack's conclusion in numerical equality situations, when defense used closed systems (GO = 47.3%; NG = 33.6%; PP = 19.1%) and open systems (GO = 46.0%; NG = 34.3%; PP = 19.7%). For this situation, using closed systems results in losing ball possession further from the goal (9m- = 56.9%; 9m+ = 43.1%), when compared to open systems (9m- = 64.5%; 9m+ = 35.5%). In defensive numerical superiority, using open systems (GO = 28.6%; NG = 53.6%; PP = 17.9%), compared to closed systems (GO = 49.3%; NG = 29.6%; PP = 21.1%) gives more efficient results. In addition, sequences end further from the goal when open systems were used (9m- = 42.9%; 9m+ = 57.1%), compared to closed systems (9m- = 68.3%; 9m+ = 31.7%). It was concluded that the selection of the defensive system should be based on the team's game model and game relationships, especially in situations of numerical equality (more frequent). However, when in defensive numerical advantage, limiting the space and time for attackers to make decisions seems to be an effective strategy.


Resumen Petroni de Senzi Barreira, C., da Silva Musa, V. y Pereira Morato, M. (2021). Eficacia de los sistemas defensivos en superioridad e igualdad numérica en balonmano: panorama de una competición europea. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 19(2), 1-13. Las acciones realizadas durante la fase defensiva en balonmano pueden ser determinantes para los resultados de los partidos, y los análisis en esta fase permiten identificar aspectos clave que pueden ayudar en la planificación y entrenamiento de los equipos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la influencia de las relaciones numéricas en sistemas defensivos cerrados y abiertos en partidos de balonmano de alto nivel. Se analizaron doce partidos del Campeonato de Europa de clubes de Balonmano, cuyo instrumento de análisis permitió identificar la relación numérica del juego (superioridad defensiva o igualdad) y cuantificar los resultados (GO: gol; NG: sin gol; PP: perdida del balón) y regiones de la cancha en las que terminaron las acciones ofensivas. Se utilizó la chi-cuadrado para el análisis de datos. Los resultados mostraron similitudes para la realización del ataque a través de situaciones de igualdad con el uso de sistemas cerrados (GO = 47.3%; NG = 33.6%; PP = 19.1%) y sistemas abiertos (GO = 46.0%; NG = 34.3%; PP = 19.7%). Para esta situación, se demostró que el uso de sistemas cerrados provoca la pérdida del balón más lejos de la portería (9m- = 56.9%; 9m + = 43.1%), cuando se compara con el uso de sistemas abiertos (9m- = 64.5%; 9m + = 35.5%). En superioridad numérica defensiva, el uso de sistemas abiertos (GO = 28.6%; NG = 53.6%; PP = 17.9%), en comparación con sistemas cerrados (GO = 49.3%; NG = 29.6%; PP = 21.1 %), mostró mayor efectividad en los resultados de las acciones. Además, las secuencias terminaron más lejos del objetivo cuando se utilizaron sistemas abiertos (9m- = 42.9%; 9m+ = 57.1%), en comparación con sistemas cerrados (9m- = 68.3%; 9m+ = 31.7%). Se concluyó que la elección del sistema defensivo debe basarse en el modelo de juego del equipo y en las relaciones recurrentes del juego, especialmente en situaciones de igualdad numérica (más frecuentes). Sin embargo, cuando se tiene una ventaja numérica defensiva, limitar el espacio y el tiempo para que los atacantes tomen decisiones parece ser una estrategia eficaz.


Subject(s)
Humans , Sports/statistics & numerical data , Europe
20.
Pensar mov ; 19(2)dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | SaludCR, LILACS | ID: biblio-1386768

ABSTRACT

Resumen Pombo Menezes, R. (2021). Perspectiva de enseñanza-aprendizaje de principios y reglas de acción en deportes colectivos de invasión. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 19(2), 1-13. Este ensayo tuvo como objetivos presentar las principales características del TeachingGames for Understanding (TGfU), contextualizar los principios y reglas de acción inherentes a las fases del juego y presentar un escenario hipotético de aplicación de estos conceptos. Los deportes colectivos de invasión tienen principios y reglas de acción que guían el comportamiento táctico-técnico de los jugadores y la organización de la clase o sesión de entrenamiento por el profesor/entrenador. El cambio de paradigma en la enseñanza de los deportes de equipo (del tecnicismo a la enseñanza a través del juego) propuesto por modelos que se apoyan en el juego, como el TGfU, fue importante porque colocó al alumno en el centro del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y promovió la construcción del conocimiento en contextos complejos. En particular, TGfU se guía por los principios y reglas de acción para organizar la clase, además de proponer preguntas orientadoras para desarrollar la toma de decisiones de los jugadores. Por tanto, el escenario hipotético propuesto en este ensayo, luego de reflexiones sobre los principios y reglas de acción, permite al profesor/entrenador planificar la aplicación de estos conceptos de acuerdo con los principios TGfU.


Resumo Pombo Menezes, R. (2021). Perspectiva de ensino-aprendizagem dos princípios de ação e das regras de ação nos esportes coletivos de invasão. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 19(2), 1-13. Este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar as principais características do Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU), contextualizar os princípios e as regras de ação inerentes às fases do jogo e apresentar um cenário hipotético de aplicação desses conceitos. Os esportes coletivos de invasão são constituídos por princípios e regras de ação que balizam os comportamentos tático-técnicos dos jogadores e a organização da aula ou sessão de treinamento pelo professor/treinador. A mudança de paradigma no ensino dos esportes coletivos (do tecnicismo ao ensino por meio de jogos) proposta por modelos que se apoiam no jogo, como o TGfU, foi importante por considerar o aluno no centro do processo de ensino-aprendizagem e promover a construção do conhecimento em contextos complexos. O TGfU, em específico, pauta-se nos princípios e regras de ação para a organização da aula, assim como propõe perguntas norteadoras para desenvolver a capacidade de tomada de decisão dos alunos. Assim sendo, o cenário hipotético proposto neste ensaio após as reflexões sobre os princípios e regras de ação permite que o professor/treinador vislumbre a aplicação desses de maneira congruente aos princípios do TGfU.


Abstract Pombo Menezes, R. (2021). Teaching-learning perspective of action principles and rules in invasion team sports. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 19(2), 1-13. The aim of this study was to present the main characteristics of Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU), contextualize the principles and rules of action inherent to the game's phases, and present a hypothetical scenario to apply these concepts. Invasion team sports have action principles and rules that guide the players' tactical-technical behaviors and help the teacher/coach organize the class or training session. The paradigm shift in team sports teaching (from the technique approach to teaching through games) proposed by game-oriented models such as TGfU was important because it placed the student at the center of the teaching-learning process and promoted knowledge construction in complex contexts. In particular, TGfU is guided by action principles and rules to organize the class and proposes questions geared to develop the players' decision-making process. Therefore, after reflecting on action principles and rules, the hypothetical scenario proposed in this essay allows the teacher/coach to plan the application of these concepts in accordance with TGfU principles.


Subject(s)
Humans , Sports/psychology , Teaching , Methods
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